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Ego
In Psychoanalytical theory, the part of the
personality which maintains a balance between our
impulses (id) and our conscience (superego).
Egocentric
The
thinking in the preoperational stage of cognitive
development where children believe everyone sees the
world fro the same perspective as he or she does.
Ego
Defense Mechanisms
See
Defenses
Ego
Ideal
In
psychoanalytic thought, this is the ideal or desired
behavior of the ego according to the superego.
Ellis, Albert
A
cognitive Psychologist who developed the concept of
Rational-Emotive Therapy.
Emotion
Feelings about a situation, person, or objects that
involves changes in physiological arousal and
cognitions.
Emotional
Intelligence (EQ)
The awareness of and ability to manage one's emotions
in a healthy and productive manner.
Encoding
The transformation of information to be stored in
memory.
Endorphins
A
neurotransmitter involved in pain relief, and feelings
of pleasure and contentedness.
Epinephrine
A
neurotransmitter involved in energy and glucose
metabolism. Too little has been associated with
depression.
Episodic
Memory
Subcategory of Declarative memory where information
regarding life events are stored.
Equal
Intervals
Characteristic of a scale of measurement where the individual units possess the qualities of equal intervals. The difference between each unit of measurement is exactly the same.
Equity
Theory
The
theory that argues a couple must see each other as
contributing and benefiting equally to the
relationship for them both to feel comfortable in the
relationship.
Error
The amount of other variables (aside from what you are measuring) that can impact the observed score
Error
Level
The level of accepted error within a given set of data. The greater the error level, the wider the confidence interval.
Escape
Conditioning
Operant
conditioning based on the idea that a behavior is more
likely to be repeated if it results in the cessation
of a negative event.
Estimate
An idea about a characteristic of a population based on sample data (e.g., the sample mean IQ was 102 so we estimate that the population mean IQ is also 102)
Eta
A correlational technique used primarily for non-linear relationships. (Example, income and age are positively correlated until older age at which point the correlation reverses itself to some extent.
Etiology
Causal
relationships of diseases; theories regarding how the
specific disease or disorder began.
Experimental
Group
In research, the group of
subjects who receive the independent variable.
Experimental
Method
Research method using random assignment of subjects
and the manipulation of variables in order to
determine cause and effect.
Experimenter
Bias
Errors in a research study due to the predisposed
notions or beliefs of the experimenter.
Expert
Power
Power derived through advanced knowledge or experience
in a particular subject.
Ex-Post-Facto
(After the Fact) Research
Research
method in which the independent variable is
administered prior to the study without the
researcher’s control and its effects are
investigated afterward
External
Locus of Control
The belief that the environment has more
control over life circumstances than the individual
does.
External
Validity
The extent to which the data collected from a sample can be generalized to the entire population.
Extinction
The reduction and eventual disappearance of a learned
or conditioned response after it is no longer paired
with the unconditioned stimulus-response chain.
Extrinsic
Motivation
The desire or push to perform a certain behavior based
on the potential external rewards that may be received
as a result.
Extroversion
Personality
style where the individual prefers outward and group
activity as opposed to inward and individual activity.
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